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Magnetic graphene oxide incorporated with Fe2O3 for the removal of lead (II) ions


Norhusna Mohamad Nor Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Waste Management and Resource Recovery (WeResCue) Group, Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Nor Alwani Ali Bashah Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Nor Syazwani Mohamed Noor Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Nur Afifah Atikah Yaakob Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Abstract
The objective of this research work is to synthesise graphene oxide (GO) with iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles as a magnetic adsorbent for lead ion (Pb²⁺) removal. In this work, the effect of synthesis parameters of GO/Fe₂O₃ (Fe₂O₃ loading weight ratio, synthesis time and calcination temperature) and adsorption parameters (initial Pb²⁺ concentration, adsorption temperature and contact time) on Pb²⁺ removal were investigated. The adsorption experiment was carried out in a batch system, and the synthesised GO/Fe₂O₃ adsorbent was characterised using TGA and N₂ sorption-desorption analyses. The adsorption characteristics of Pb²⁺ using GO/Fe₂O₃ adsorbent were analysed using adsorption isotherms and kinetic study. The optimal synthesis parameters were found to be a 1:0.5 ratio for GO/Fe₂O₃, a synthesis time of 60 min and a calcination temperature of 400°C, resulting in a Pb²⁺ removal rate of 96% and adsorption capacity of 49.85 mg Pb²⁺/g adsorbent. The GO/Fe₂O₃ adsorbent synthesised at 400°C and a 1:0.5 ratio exhibits a larger surface area and smaller pore diameter, 98.20 m²/g and 15.67 nm, respectively, compared to other samples. Increasing the synthesis temperature decreases the growth and formation of GO/Fe₂O₃, reducing the surface area. Experimental results revealed that the adsorption of Pb²⁺ using GO/Fe₂O₃ adsorbent fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm with a high correlation coefficient (R² >0.99).
Keyword: Adsorption, Fe₂O₃ impregnation, Graphene oxide, Pb²⁺ removal, Wastewater, Isotherms
DOI: 10.24191/esteem.v20iSeptember.2924.g1578
References:
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