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Optimization of methylene blue dye degradation using heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction with Fe3O4 nanoparticles/PVDF macrospheres: A response surface methodology approach


Mohamed Syazwan Osman EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids & Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. Huzairy Hassan Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. Sung-Ting Sam Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. Nadzirah Balqis Mohd Nazeri EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids & Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Mohd Syafiq Abdul Wahab EMZI Holding Sdn Bhd, 1st Floor, SP Plaza Tower, Jalan Ibrahim, 08000 Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia Rasyidah Alrozi EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids & Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Hafawati Rosdi EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids & Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Maya Fitriyanti School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly recognised for their significant impact on the environment and human health. Understanding MPs is crucial to grasp their widespread presence in various environmental areas. The unique properties of MPs, such as their small size, durability, and potential to adsorb and transport environmental pollutants, underscore the necessity of studying their characteristics. This study aims to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of polypropylene microplastics (PPMPs) and address the dispersion stability issues associated with them. The PPMPs were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing a surface structure marked by cracks, fractures, and a rough texture. The PPMPs were observed as irregularly shaped, white particles. Their size distribution spans from 14 to 96 µm, with a mean size of 50.00 µm. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of polypropylene functional groups, specifically identifying characteristic peaks at 2952-2846 cm^-1 and 1456 -1376 cm^-1, indicating C-H stretching and bending vibrations, respectively, with additional peaks suggesting degradation. The effect of different concentrations of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) on PPMPs dispersion indicated that 5% SLS led to superior dispersion of PPMPs, thereby addressing the stability issue. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the physical and chemical attributes of PPMPs and their dispersion stability, offering a foundation for informed environmental assessments and the development of effective mitigation strategies.
Keyword: Methylene blue eye, Iron oxide nanoparticles, PVDF, Macrospheres, Optimization, Response surface, methodology
DOI: 10.24191/esteem.v20iSeptember.1860.g1828
References:
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